Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. A person may or may not have an obvious history of infection. ![]() In addition, a urinary tract infection (UTI) can trigger reactive arthritis.įinally, some theories suggest that bacteria can be a major trigger of spondyloarthritis. Similar to AS, people with the gene HLA-B27 have a higher risk factor of developing enteropathic arthritis. However, they do know that bacteria in the gut can trigger the condition when they enter areas that have been damaged due to inflammation. Regarding enteropathic arthritis, researchers do not know the exact cause. Males may have a slightly higher risk of developing the condition, but females have been underdiagnosed. ![]() The most common predisposing gene is HLA-B27.Ī person’s sex may also play a role in the development of AS. Researchers have found over 30 genes that can be associated with AS. However, researchers do have some insight into the cause of several types.įor example, AS is a hereditary condition. This means that new bone growth occurs in the spine, causing sections of the spine to fuse together, which limits mobility.Īccording to the American College of Rheumatology, not all causes of spondyloarthritis are known. Over time, a person may develop ankylosis in the spine. The pain typically is worst in the morning and during periods of rest but improves as a person moves.Ī person may also experience symptoms in other joints, such as the hips, heels, and shoulders. enteropathic arthritis, which has an association with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)ĪS, the most common type of spondyloarthritis, often causes pain in the lower back and pelvic area.There are several different types of spondyloarthritis, including: In addition to joints, spondyloarthritis can affect organs, such as the intestines and eyes. The Arthritis Foundation defines spondyloarthritis as a broad term that describes several inflammatory diseases that primarily affect the spine and joints in the body. The axial skeleton is most commonly affected, but the small and large joints of the appendicular skeleton may also be affected.Share on Pinterest Lyuba Burakova/Stocksy ![]() Ankylosing spondylitis tends to be symmetrical whereas the other spondyloarthropathies tend to be more asymmetric.Īll these diseases are characterised by inflammation of the entheses the point at which ligaments and tendons connect to bone. Similar radiological features may be seen in patients with other spondyloarthopathies such as psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis (formerly known as 'Reiter’s disease'), or enteropathic spondyloarthropathy (spondyloarthropathy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease). It has characteristic radiological features. The seronegative spondyloarthropathies most commonly affect the sacroiliac joints and the spine (seronegative = negative for rheumatoid factor and other autoimmune antibodies).Īnkylosing spondylitis is the most common seronegative spondyloarthropathy. The other spondyloarthropathies have similar features but are usually more asymmetric.Ankylosing spondylitis has characteristic radiological features in a symmetric distribution.
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